Skyward Group Reports Second Quarter 2026 Results

HOUSTON, Aug. 04, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc. (Nasdaq: SKWD) (“Skyward Group” or the “Company”) today reported second quarter 2026 results.

Summary Financial Data              
($ in thousands, except per share amounts) Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
unaudited 2026   2025(1)   2026   2025(1)
Managed Premiums $ 1,058,675     $ 900,849     $ 2,026,384     $ 1,710,234  
Gross written premiums(2) $ 740,554     $ 653,861     $ 1,408,258     $ 1,248,431  
Fee generating gross written premiums(2) $ 318,121     $ 246,988     $ 618,126     $ 461,803  
Net written premiums $ 485,616     $ 339,213     $ 918,499     $ 682,484  
Net income $ 49,038     $ 38,839     $ 98,769     $ 80,897  
Net operating income(3) $ 59,198     $ 37,496     $ 116,091     $ 75,233  
Basic earnings per share $ 1.10     $ 0.96     $ 2.22     $ 2.01  
Diluted operating earnings per share $ 1.30     $ 0.89     $ 2.55     $ 1.78  
Annualized ROE (4)   15.7 %     17.7 %     17.3 %     19.1 %
Annualized operating ROE (5)   19.0 %     17.1 %     20.4 %     17.8 %
(1) Select second quarter 2025 metrics for the Skyward Group and Apollo are presented on a pro forma basis for comparative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that Skyward Group would have recognized had the acquisition actually been completed on January 1, 2025. Pro forma information is unaudited
(2) Prior year pro forma gross written premiums are adjusted for the impact of the change in participations. See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures”.
(3) See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures”
(4) Annualized ROE is net income expressed on an annualized basis as a percentage of average beginning and ending stockholders’ equity during the period.
(5) Annualized operating ROE is operating income expressed on an annualized basis as a percentage of average beginning and ending stockholders’ equity during the period.
               

Highlights for the second quarter included:

  • Managed premiums increased 17.5%(2) compared to 2025;
  • Gross written premiums increased 13.3%(1)(2) compared to 2025;
  • Combined ratio of 89.5%;
  • Ex-Cat combined ratio of 87.6%;
  • Repurchased 223 thousand shares of common stock for $9.7 million and expanded the share repurchase authorization from $50 million to $100 million;
  • Annualized return on equity(4) and annualized operating return on equity(5) of 17.3% and 20.4%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2026; and,
  • Book value per share of $28.55, an increase of 14.6% compared to December 31, 2025.

Skyward Group Chairman and CEO Andrew Robinson commented, “We delivered another quarter of excellent results reflecting the strength, resilience and earnings power of our Rule Our Niche strategy, our uniquely diversified business portfolio, and disciplined execution. Diluted operating earnings per share of $1.30 increased 46% year over year, and our annualized operating return on equity of 20.4% for the first half of the year underscores our continued strong returns and outstanding earnings growth. Our combined ratio of 89.5%, inclusive of 1.9 points of catastrophe losses, again demonstrates the quality of our underwriting and disciplined risk management. Gross written premiums grew 13% and fee generating premiums grew 29% to $318 million in the quarter. Book value per share increased to $28.55 during the quarter. We believe we are exceptionally well positioned to continue to deliver top quartile results and long-term value for shareholders.”

Results of Operations

Gross Written Premiums By Underwriting Division

($ in thousands) Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
  2026   2025   % Change   2026
  2025   % Change
Skyward Specialty Segment                          
Accident & Health $ 95,456     $ 60,489     57.8 %   $ 187,465     $ 123,658     51.6 %
Captives   64,251       76,994     (16.6 )%     122,165       143,923     (15.1 )%
Credit & Surety   63,759       55,131     15.6 %     127,933       100,159     27.7 %
Energy Solutions   62,690       74,822     (16.2 )%     111,556       150,416     (25.8 )%
Global Agriculture   111,939       57,179     95.8 %     214,291       137,796     55.5 %
Global Property   71,109       83,992     (15.3 )%     105,626       130,678     (19.2 )%
Professional Lines   34,978       37,555     (6.9 )%     71,206       77,772     (8.4 )%
Specialty Programs   111,441       85,955     29.7 %     206,208       148,630     38.7 %
Transactional E&S   52,296       53,461     (2.2 )%     102,360       105,467     (2.9 )%
Total continuing business $ 667,919     $ 585,578     14.1 %     1,248,810       1,118,499     11.7 %
Exited business   (146 )     (664 )   (78.0 )%     767       1,741     (55.9 )%
Total Skyward Specialty Segment gross written premiums $ 667,773     $ 584,914     14.2 %     1,249,577       1,120,240     11.5 %
Apollo Segment(1)(2)                          
Syndicate 1969   59,431       55,207     7.7 %     124,439       99,059     25.6 %
Syndicate 1971   13,350       13,740     (2.8 )%     34,242       29,132     17.5 %
Total Apollo Segment gross written premiums   72,781       68,947     5.6 %     158,681       128,191     23.8 %
Total gross written premiums(1)(2) $ 740,554     $ 653,861     13.3 %   $ 1,408,258     $ 1,248,431     12.8 %
                           
(1) Prior year information is pro forma.
(2) Prior year information is adjusted for the impact of the change in participations. See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures”.
                           

Managed Premiums

Apollo provides managing agency services to nine syndicates within its Lloyd’s platform. The capital-aligned syndicates, Syndicate 1969, Syndicate 1971 and Syndicate 1972, are wholly managed and partly capitalized by Apollo with Apollo retaining a portion of the underwriting risk via its Lloyd’s Corporate Member, Apollo No. 16. Platform Partner syndicates are managed by Apollo on behalf of third‑party partners and Apollo does not currently provide capital for underwriting of these syndicates. Apollo receives managing agency fees and performance‑based income for their managing agency services from all syndicates on its Lloyd’s platform.

($ in thousands) Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
  2026
  2025   % Change   2026
  2025   % Change
Total gross written premiums(1)(2) $ 740,554     $ 653,861     13.3 %   $ 1,408,258     $ 1,248,431     12.8 %
Fee generating gross written premiums(1)(2):                              
Aligned Syndicates   217,196       191,527     13.4 %     427,745       347,630     23.0 %
Partner Syndicates   100,925       55,461     82.0 %     190,381       114,173     66.7 %
Total fee generating gross written premiums $ 318,121     $ 246,988     28.8 %   $ 618,126     $ 461,803     33.9 %
Total Skyward Group managed premiums $ 1,058,675     $ 900,849     17.5 %   $ 2,026,384     $ 1,710,234     18.5 %
                               
(1) Prior year information is pro forma.
(2) Prior year information is adjusted for the impact of the change in participations. See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures”.
                               

Underwriting Results

($ in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2026   Six Months Ended June 30, 2026
                               
  Skyward Specialty   Apollo   Corporate   Total   Skyward Specialty   Apollo   Corporate   Total
Revenues:                              
Net earned premiums $ 378,346     $ 66,126     $     $ 444,472     $ 742,289     $ 136,190     $     $ 878,479  
Underwriting fee income         12,588             12,588             22,666             22,666  
Commission and fee income   2,334                   2,334       3,861                   3,861  
Total revenues   380,680       78,714             459,394       746,150       158,856             905,006  
Expenses:                              
Losses and loss adjustment expenses   236,967       39,774             276,741       465,198       76,766             541,964  
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses   94,131       24,778       4,372       123,281       191,094       47,520       9,281       247,895  
Fee‑based service expenses         4,562             4,562             8,732             8,732  
Total expenses   331,098       69,114       4,372       404,584       656,292       133,018       9,281       798,591  
Underwriting Income $ 49,582     $ 9,600     $     $ 54,810     $ 89,858     $ 25,838     $     $ 106,415  
                               
Combined Ratio                              
Non-cat loss and LAE   61.3 %     54.7 %     %     60.4 %     61.0 %     53.8 %     %     59.8 %
Cat loss and LAE   1.3 %     5.4 %     %     1.9 %     1.7 %     2.6 %     %     1.9 %
Loss Ratio   62.6 %     60.1 %     %     62.3 %     62.7 %     56.4 %     %     61.7 %
Net policy acquisition costs   14.0 %     27.6 %     %     16.0 %     14.0 %     19.7 %     %     14.8 %
Other operating and general expenses   10.9 %     9.9 %     %     10.7 %     11.7 %     15.2 %     %     12.3 %
Commission and fee income (0.6 )%     %     %   (0.5 )%   (0.5 )%     %     %   (0.4 )%
Corporate expenses(1)   %     %     1.0 %     1.0 %     %     %     1.1 %     1.1 %
Expense ratio   24.3 %     37.5 %     1.0 %     27.2 %     25.2 %     34.9 %     1.1 %     27.8 %
Combined ratio   86.9 %     97.6 %     %     89.5 %     87.9 %     91.3 %     %     89.5 %
Ex-Cat Combined Ratio   85.6 %     92.2 %     %     87.6 %     86.2 %     88.7 %     %     87.6 %
(1) Calculated using consolidated net earned premiums

($ in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2025   Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
                       
  Skyward Specialty   Corporate   Total   Skyward Specialty   Corporate   Total
Revenues:                      
Net earned premiums $ 295,542     $     $ 295,542     $ 595,908     $     $ 595,908  
Commission and fee income   2,560             2,560       4,536             4,536  
Total revenues   298,102             298,102       600,444             600,444  
Expenses:                      
Losses and loss adjustment expenses   181,262             181,262       368,571             368,571  
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses   82,366       3,230       85,596       165,004       7,143       172,147  
Total expenses   263,628       3,230       266,858       533,575       7,143       547,200  
Underwriting Income $ 34,474     $     $ 31,244     $ 66,869     $     $ 59,726  
                       
Combined Ratio                      
Non-cat loss and LAE   59.9 %     %     59.9 %     60.1 %     %     60.1 %
Cat loss and LAE   1.4 %     %     1.4 %     1.8 %     %     1.8 %
Loss Ratio   61.3 %     %     61.3 %     61.9 %     %     61.9 %
Net policy acquisition costs   15.1 %     %     15.1 %     15.0 %     %     15.0 %
Other operating and general expenses   12.8 %     %     12.8 %     12.7 %     %     12.7 %
Commission and fee income (0.9 )%     %   (0.9 )%   (0.8 )%     %   (0.8 )%
Corporate expenses(1)   %     1.1 %     1.1 %     %     1.2 %     1.2 %
Expense ratio   27.0 %     1.1 %     28.1 %     26.9 %     1.2 %     28.1 %
Combined ratio   88.3 %     %     89.4 %     88.8 %     %     90.0 %
Ex-Cat Combined Ratio   86.9 %     %     88.0 %     87.0 %     %     88.2 %
(1) Calculated using consolidated net earned premiums

The Skyward Specialty segment loss and LAE ratios for the second quarter and first half of 2026 increased 1.3 points and 0.8 points, respectively, when compared to the same 2025 periods primarily due to shifts in business mix driven by growth in the accident & health and global agriculture divisions. The Apollo segment loss and LAE ratios for the second quarter and first half of 2026 were impacted by catastrophe losses, primarily from the conflict in the Middle East.

The expense ratios for the second quarter and first half of 2026 improved 0.9 points and 0.3 points, respectively, when compared to the same 2025 periods. The Skyward Specialty segment’s expense ratio improved 2.7 points and 1.7 points, respectively, when compared to the same 2025 periods, primarily driven by business mix shift, enhanced operating efficiencies, and scale benefits as net earned premiums outpaced expense growth. In the first quarter of 2026, the Company revised its expense presentation to report corporate expenses separately from segment expenses following the closing of the Apollo acquisition. The prior year period has been recast to reflect this change.

Investment Results

Net Investment Income              
$ in thousands Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
(unaudited) 2026   2025   2026   2025
Short-term investments $ 2,469     $ 3,713     $ 4,957     $ 6,914  
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,583     $ 976       4,242     $ 1,900  
Fixed income   29,310       17,822       56,675       34,552  
Alternative & strategic investments   (3,635 )     (3,807 )     (8,092 )     (5,240 )
Net investment income $ 30,727     $ 18,704     $ 57,782     $ 38,126  
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities still held $ 1,927     $ (3,181 )   $ 3,702     $ 2,310  
Net realized (losses) gains   (2,528 )     6,271       (1,118 )     7,530  
Net investment (losses) gains $ (601 )   $ 3,090     $ 2,584     $ 9,840  
               

In the first quarter of 2026, the Company revised its presentation of net investment income to (i) report short-term investments separately from cash and cash equivalents following the closing of the Apollo acquisition, and (ii) include equities in alternative & strategic investments after the sale of the majority of the equity portfolio in 2025. The prior year period has been recast to reflect this change.

Net investment income for the second quarter and first half of 2026 increased $12.0 million and $19.7 million, respectively, when compared to the same 2025 periods, driven by the addition of the Apollo portfolio, a higher yield and a larger asset base. The increase in income from cash and cash equivalents was due to an overall increase in the invested asset base from the addition of Apollo when compared to the same 2025 periods.

The alternative & strategic investments portfolio continued to be impacted by the decline in the fair value of limited partnership investments.

Stockholders’ Equity

Stockholders’ equity was $1,267.5 million at June 30, 2026 which represented an increase of 3.5% when compared to stockholders’ equity of $1,224.9 million at March 31, 2026. The increase in stockholders’ equity was primarily attributable to net income, partially offset by repurchases of the Company’s common stock.

Conference Call

At 9:00 a.m. eastern time tomorrow, August 5, 2026, Company management will hold a conference call to discuss quarterly results with insurance industry analysts. Interested parties may listen to the discussion at investors.skywardinsurance.com under Events & Presentations. Additionally, investors can access the earnings call via conference call by registering via the conference link. Users will receive dial-in information and a unique PIN to join the call upon registering.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This release contains certain financial measures and ratios that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). We refer to these measures as “non-GAAP financial measures.” We use these non-GAAP financial measures when planning, monitoring, and evaluating our performance.

We consider these non-GAAP financial measures to be useful metrics for our management and investors to facilitate operating performance comparisons from period to period. While we believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful in evaluating our business, this information should be considered supplemental in nature and is not meant to be a substitute for revenue or net income, in each case as recognized in accordance with GAAP. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate such measures differently, which reduces their usefulness as comparative measures. For more information regarding these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of such measures to comparable GAAP financial measures, see the section entitled “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

About Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc.

Skyward Group is the holding company brand for its U.S. and U.K. businesses, Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc.® and Apollo, respectively, delivering a comprehensive suite of specialized insurance solutions across global specialty property and casualty markets. Focused on the specialty industry’s most niche, complex risks of today and the emerging challenges of tomorrow, Skyward Group leverages the forward-looking insight and disciplined execution of each organization to drive sustainable growth and long-term value for its shareholders, distribution partners, and other stakeholders.

For more information about Skyward Group, Skyward Specialty and Apollo, please visit skywardgroup.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for historical information, all other information in this news release consists of forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements are typically, but not always, identified through use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “enable,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “intends,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “predict,” “probable,” “potential,” “possible,” “should,” “continue,” and other words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected, anticipated or implied. The most significant of these uncertainties are described in Skyward Group’s Form 10-K, and include (but are not limited to) legislative changes at both the state and federal level, state and federal regulatory rule making promulgations and adjudications, class action litigation involving the insurance industry and judicial decisions affecting claims, policy coverages and the general costs of doing business, the potential loss of key members of our management team or key employees and our ability to attract and retain personnel, the impact of competition on products and pricing, inflation in the costs of the products and services insurance pays for, product development, geographic spread of risk, weather and weather-related events, other types of catastrophic events, our ability to obtain reinsurance coverage at prices and on terms that allow us to transfer risk and adequately protect our company against financial loss, and losses resulting from reinsurance counterparties failing to pay us on reinsurance claims. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this release and the Company does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information to reflect changes in assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events, or otherwise.

Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc.

Investor Contact
Jordan Arnold
Skyward Specialty Insurance Group
346-215-0250
jarnold@skywardinsurance.com

Media Contact
Haley Doughty
Skyward Specialty Insurance Group
713-935-4944
hdoughty@skywardinsurance.com

Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets        
($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)        
(unaudited) June 30,
2026
  December 31, 2025
Assets        
Investments:        
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (net of allowance for credit losses of $6,228 and $7,000, respectively) (amortized cost of $2,206,626 and $1,848,755, respectively) $ 2,192,183     $ 1,856,303  
Fixed maturity securities, held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (net of allowance for credit losses of $2,256 and $468, respectively)   28,192       32,822  
Equity securities, at fair value   1,141       1,174  
Mortgage loans, at fair value   9,218       9,902  
Equity method investments   62,725       77,365  
Other long-term investments   52,295       58,650  
Short-term investments, at fair value   392,634       264,299  
Total investments   2,738,388       2,300,515  
Cash and cash equivalents   219,221       168,544  
Restricted cash   83,302       30,570  
Funds at Lloyd’s   121,630       2,509  
Options, at fair value   40,535       34,857  
Premiums and commissions receivable, net   978,409       544,217  
Reinsurance recoverables, net   1,411,648       1,119,880  
Ceded unearned premium   337,180       238,948  
Deferred policy acquisition costs and VOBA   186,491       136,100  
Deferred tax assets   47,987       27,865  
Goodwill and intangible assets, net   471,185       88,040  
Other assets   145,163       99,807  
Total assets $ 6,781,139     $ 4,791,852  
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity        
Liabilities:        
Reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses $ 3,070,598     $ 2,318,894  
Unearned premiums   1,078,246       774,035  
Deferred ceding commission   54,466       46,453  
Reinsurance and premium payables   509,081       279,888  
Funds held for others   169,051       128,003  
Deferred tax liabilities   67,801        
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   127,154       115,034  
Notes payable   417,620       100,411  
Subordinated debt, net of debt issuance costs   19,585       19,569  
Total liabilities   5,513,602       3,782,287  
Stockholders’ equity        
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 44,827,499 shares issued and 44,396,493 shares outstanding at June 30, 2026; 40,511,222 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2025   448       405  
Treasury stock, at cost, 431,006 and 0 shares, respectively   (19,427 )      
Additional paid-in capital   927,690       730,555  
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income   (7,091 )     11,457  
Retained earnings   365,917       267,148  
Total stockholders’ equity   1,267,537       1,009,565  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 6,781,139     $ 4,791,852  
         

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
($ in thousands) Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
(unaudited) 2026   2025   2026   2025
Revenues:              
Net earned premiums $ 444,472     $ 295,542     $ 878,479     $ 595,908  
Underwriting fee income   12,588             22,666        
Commission and fee income   2,334       2,560       3,861       4,536  
Net investment income   30,727       18,704       57,782       38,126  
Net investment (losses) gains   (601 )     3,090       2,584       9,840  
Other income   13       7       28       20  
Total revenues   489,533       319,903       965,400       648,430  
Expenses:              
Losses and loss adjustment expenses   276,741       181,262       541,964       368,571  
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses   123,281       85,596       247,895       172,147  
Fee‑based service expenses   4,562             8,732        
Interest expense   8,812       1,876       16,531       3,710  
Amortization expense   8,843       372       17,686       709  
Other expenses   3,737       1,002       6,959       2,063  
Total expenses   425,976       270,108       839,767       547,200  
Income before income taxes   63,557       49,795       125,633       101,230  
Income tax expense   14,519       10,956       26,864       20,333  
Net income $ 49,038     $ 38,839     $ 98,769     $ 80,897  
Comprehensive income:              
Net income $ 49,038     $ 38,839     $ 98,769     $ 80,897  
Other comprehensive income:              
Unrealized gains and losses on investments:              
Net change in unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net of tax   (625 )     11,005       (17,842 )     23,260  
Reclassification adjustment for (losses) gains on securities no longer held, net of tax   (490 )     (3,624 )     12       (3,806 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment   150             (718 )      
Total other comprehensive (loss) income   (965 )     7,381       (18,548 )     19,454  
Comprehensive income $ 48,073     $ 46,220     $ 80,221     $ 100,351  
               

Share and Per Share Data              
($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
(unaudited) 2026   2025   2026   2025
Weighted average basic shares   44,521,162       40,445,391       44,492,608       40,322,051  
Weighted average diluted shares   45,692,641       41,871,496       45,526,233       41,771,215  
               
Basic earnings per share $ 1.10     $ 0.96     $ 2.22     $ 2.01  
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.07     $ 0.93     $ 2.17     $ 1.94  
Basic operating earnings per share $ 1.33     $ 0.92     $ 2.61     $ 1.85  
Diluted operating earnings per share $ 1.30     $ 0.89     $ 2.55     $ 1.78  
               
Annualized ROE (1)   15.7 %     17.7 %     17.3 %     19.1 %
Annualized operating ROE (2)   19.0 %     17.1 %     20.4 %     17.8 %
Annualized ROTE (3)   23.4 %     19.7 %     22.2 %     21.3 %
Annualized operating ROTE (4)   28.2 %     19.0 %     26.0 %     19.8 %
               
          June 30,   December 31,
          2026   2025
Shares outstanding           44,396,493       40,511,222  
Fully diluted shares outstanding           46,605,142       42,292,371  
               
Book value per share         $ 28.55     $ 24.92  
Fully diluted book value per share         $ 27.20     $ 23.87  
               
(1) Annualized ROE is net income expressed on an annualized basis as a percentage of average beginning and ending stockholders’ equity during the period.
(2) Annualized operating ROE is operating income expressed on an annualized basis as a percentage of average beginning and ending stockholders’ equity during the period.
(3) Annualized ROTE is net income expressed on an annualized basis as a percentage of average beginning and ending tangible stockholders’ equity during the period.
(4) Annualized operating ROTE is operating income expressed on an annualized basis as a percentage of average beginning and ending tangible stockholders’ equity during the period.

Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 

Operating income – We define operating income as net income excluding the impact of certain items that may not be indicative of underlying business trends, operating results, or future outlook, net of tax impact. We use operating income as an internal performance measure in the management of our operations because we believe it gives our management and other users of our financial information useful insight into our results of operations and our underlying business performance. Operating income should not be viewed as a substitute for net income calculated in accordance with GAAP, and other companies may define operating income differently.        

($ in thousands) Three months ended June 30,   Six months ended June 30,
(unaudited) 2026   2025   2026   2025
  Pre-tax   After-tax   Pre-tax   After-tax   Pre-tax   After-tax   Pre-tax   After-tax
Income as reported $ 63,557     $ 49,038     $ 49,795     $ 38,839     $ 125,633     $ 98,769     $ 101,230     $ 80,897  
Less (add):                              
Net investment (losses) gains   (601 )     (464 )     3,090       2,410       2,584       2,031       9,840       7,864  
Amortization expense   (8,843 )     (6,823 )     (372 )     (290 )     (17,686 )     (13,904 )     (709 )     (567 )
Other income   13       10       7       5       28       22       20       16  
Other expenses   (3,737 )     (2,883 )     (1,002 )     (782 )     (6,959 )     (5,471 )     (2,063 )     (1,649 )
Operating income $ 76,725     $ 59,198     $ 48,072     $ 37,496     $ 147,666     $ 116,091     $ 94,142     $ 75,233  
                               

Underwriting income – We define underwriting income as net income before income taxes excluding net investment income, net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments, impairment charges, interest expense, amortization expense and other income and expenses. Underwriting income represents the pre-tax profitability of our underwriting operations and allows us to evaluate our underwriting performance without regard to investment income. We use this metric as we believe it gives our management and other users of our financial information useful insight into our underlying business performance. Underwriting income should not be viewed as a substitute for pre-tax income calculated in accordance with GAAP, and other companies may define underwriting income differently.

($ in thousands) Three months ended June 30,
  Six months ended June 30,
(unaudited) 2026   2025   2026
  2025
Income before income taxes $ 63,557     $ 49,795     $ 125,633     $ 101,230  
Add:                    
Interest expense   8,812       1,876       16,531       3,710  
Amortization expense   8,843       372       17,686       709  
Other expenses   3,737       1,002       6,959       2,063  
Less:                    
Net investment income   30,727       18,704       57,782       38,126  
Net investment (losses) gains   (601 )     3,090       2,584       9,840  
Other income   13       7       28       20  
Underwriting income $ 54,810     $ 31,244     $ 106,415     $ 59,726  
                     

Tangible Stockholders’ Equity – We define tangible stockholders’ equity as stockholders’ equity excluding goodwill and intangible assets and the related deferred tax impact. Our definition of tangible stockholders’ equity may not be comparable to that of other companies and should not be viewed as a substitute for stockholders’ equity calculated in accordance with GAAP. We use tangible stockholders’ equity internally to evaluate the strength of our balance sheet and to compare returns relative to this measure.

($ in thousands) June 30,
  December 31,
(unaudited) 2026
  2025   2025
Stockholders’ equity $ 1,267,537     $ 899,915     $ 1,009,565  
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets   471,185       88,795       88,040  
Add: Deferred tax impact   65,500              
Tangible stockholdersequity $ 861,852     $ 811,120     $ 921,525  
                 

Adjusted pro forma gross written premiums – We define adjusted pro forma gross written premiums as pro forma gross written premiums adjusted for the impact of changes in Apollo syndicate participation. We use this measure to evaluate premium growth trends on a consistent participation basis across periods. Adjusted pro forma gross written premiums is a non-GAAP financial measure and should not be considered a substitute for gross written premiums calculated in accordance with GAAP.

$ in thousands Three months ended June 30, 2025
  Syndicate 1969   Syndicate 1971
  Total Apollo Segment   Total Skyward Group
Pro forma gross written premiums $ 65,854     $ 10,337     $ 76,191     $ 661,105  
Impact of the change in participations   (10,647 )     3,403       (7,244 )     (7,244 )
Adjusted pro forma gross written premiums $ 55,207     $ 13,740     $ 68,947     $ 653,861  
                 

$ in thousands Six months ended June 30, 2025
  Syndicate 1969   Syndicate 1971   Total Apollo Segment   Total Skyward Group
Pro forma gross written premiums $ 119,303     $ 29,278     $ 148,581     $ 1,268,821  
Impact of the change in participations   (20,244 )     (146 )     (20,390 )     (20,390 )
Adjusted pro forma gross written premiums $ 99,059     $ 29,132     $ 128,191     $ 1,248,431  
               

Adjusted pro forma fee generating gross written premiums – We define adjusted pro forma fee generating gross written premiums as pro forma fee generating gross written premiums adjusted for the impact of changes in Apollo syndicate participation percentages. We believe this measure provides a more meaningful comparison of fee generating business on a consistent participation basis across periods. Adjusted pro forma fee generating gross written premiums is a non-GAAP financial measure and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

$ in thousands Three months ended June 30, 2025
  Aligned Syndicates
  Partner Syndicates
  Total
Pro forma fee generating gross written premiums $ 184,283     $ 55,461     $ 239,744  
Impact of the change in participations   7,244     N/A       7,244  
Adjusted pro forma fee generating gross written premiums $ 191,527     $ 55,461     $ 246,988  
                 

$ in thousands Six months ended June 30, 2025
  Aligned Syndicates
  Partner Syndicates
  Total
Pro forma fee generating gross written premiums $ 327,240     $ 114,173     $ 441,413  
Impact of the change in participation(s)   20,390     N/A       20,390  
Adjusted pro forma fee generating gross written premiums $ 347,630     $ 114,173     $ 461,803  
                   


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